People who contract COVID-19 after being vaccinated make up about 1/100 percent of those who have been vaccinated. Experts say this is because although vaccines are highly protective, they are not 100% effective. They added that people who became ill after the vaccine had a much lower risk of being hospitalized. The fact that vaccinated people can still contract COVID-19 is not a surprise. And there’s certainly no reason not to get vaccinated. There are expected to be “breakthrough” cases of COVID-19 in vaccinated people. That is not to say that the vaccines currently in use are not highly effective. They are, just not 100% effective. So you can still get sick even if you get vaccinated, but it’s extremely rare.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 87 million Americans have received a COVID-19 vaccine as of April 20, 2021. Among those vaccinated, 7,157 were “breakthrough” cases. “, with less than 500 hospitalizations and 88 deaths.

Do the math and you can see that cases are about 1/100 of 1 percent of people who get vaccinated.

Dr. S. Wesley Long, an infectious disease researcher and clinical microbiologist at Houston Methodist in Texas, said: “The effectiveness of any vaccine in preventing serious illness is very high, and in the case of the COVID-19 vaccine, it is very high.”

“All the data shows that if you get vaccinated, you probably won’t experience any symptoms, but even if you do, you might not get full-blown COVID,” he said. and had to be hospitalized.”

Varied vaccine protection

The effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine varies depending on the shot you get.

Research published this month by the CDC shows that messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines against COVID-19 — including those developed by Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech — can be found to be effective. 80% effective in preventing coronavirus infection 14 days after the first dose and 90% effective after the second dose.

The single-dose Johnson & Johnson vaccine was found to be 66% effective in the laboratory at preventing COVID-19 disease two weeks after vaccination.

The Johnson & Johnson vaccine, which is based on more conventional adenovirus technology, was also found in clinical trials to be 100% effective against severe cases of COVID-19.

In the study, several people in the control group were hospitalized and/or died from COVID-19.

None of those vaccinated were hospitalized or died, even among those with detectable infections.

So, why can vaccinated people still get sick?

For a start, 66 percent or 80 percent or 90 percent efficiency is not the same as 100 percent efficiency.

You can also get sick if you’re exposed to the coronavirus in the weeks immediately after the shot, while the immune response caused by the vaccine is still developing.

“There is also a small group of people who will not perform a protective response after vaccination,” says Long. That’s why we need herd immunity to protect those people.”

That shows that the COVID-19 vaccine is remarkably effective.

For example, since the 2009-10 flu season, the effectiveness of the flu vaccine has ranged from 19 to 60 percent.

“The COVID vaccines work very well, especially when compared to a flu vaccine,” says Long.

Good how?

Consider that when the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued guidance for emergency use of a COVID-19 vaccine, it set a threshold of only 50% effectiveness.

All three vaccines currently in use in the United States far exceed that minimum.

“We [cũng] there is evidence that vaccines do a pretty good job of preventing transmission of disease to others,” Long said.

You are still protected

Cases of “breakthrough” in vaccinated people are completely normal.

“There will be a small percentage of people who are fully immunized who will still get sick, hospitalized, or die from COVID-19,” the CDC said.

“Even if we do have some breakout cases, it’s important to remember that these people are unlikely to get very sick or pass COVID on to others,” Long said.

For example, the latest data from CDCTrusted Source shows that the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines are 94% effective for COVID-19 hospitalizations in people 65 years of age and older who receive the vaccine. fully vaccinated — the population group considered most susceptible to the disease — and 64 percent effective in partially immunized adults.

That is similar to what is known about the flu.

A study published in 2018 found that even when people who got the flu shot got sick, their hospitalization rate was reduced by 37% compared to those who weren’t vaccinated. The rate of requests for intensive care fell by 82%.

Summary:

If you get vaccinated, chances are you won’t get COVID-19.

If you get the vaccine and you get sick, chances are you won’t get very sick or die from the disease.

This isn’t a 100 percent guarantee, but it’s close.

Source: COVID-19 Vaccines Are More Than 90% Effective: What That Means

Link: https://www.healthline.com/health-news/covid-19-vaccines-are-more-than-90-effective-what-that-means

The article is edited and translated by ykhoa.org – please do not reup without permission!

Translator: Gia Minh

Editing: Bao Ngan